Something as small as a leaky faucet can waste up to 5,000 gallons of water each year. But with a bit of maintenance, you can not only make your home and life greener, but also prevent the little drips as well as the big plumbing catastrophes.

Here, 10 tips to help you avoid plumbing problems, and the tools you need to be your own plumber in times of crisis!

1. Replace worn hoses on washing machines.

2. Inspect water pipes and fittings annually.

3. Know where the water shutoff valve is in case a hose or pipe breaks.

4. Check the water pressure—normal pressure is 60 to 80 psi.

5. Check the grout and caulking around toilets.

6. Exercise the angle stop on your main water valve by turning it every four months.

7. Make sure that sump pumps are free of debris.

8. Drain water from the bottom of the water heater until it runs clear to get rid of sediment.

9. Don't leave the house with the dishwasher or washing machine running.

10. Turn off the water supply to the washing machine when you're taking long vacations.

And the tools you need around the house for basic plumbing procedures:

• Adjustable wrench
• Basin wrench (to remove and replace the nuts that hold a faucet in place)
• 1/4-inch flat-blade screwdriver
• Philips head screwdriver
• Pliers
• Teflon tape
• Assorted washers and O-rings

Winter Maintenance

Follow these steps to prepare your plumbing for cold weather:

• Check the insulation around indoor, attic, crawlspace and exposed pipes.
• Wrap exposed pipes with foam insulation or heat trace tape as needed.
• Drain underground sprinkler systems and blow out any water left in the lines.
• Cover exposed spigots with a Styrofoam cover or with newspaper, a plastic bag and duct tape.
• Shut off outdoor faucets and drains.

[Main image: Jose Luis Pelaez Inc | Blend Images | © Getty Images]

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